Sixteen Tactical Practices to Improve Projects

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First Published
SM&P Issue 8
Reference Category
Improving Processes

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by: Grant Rule

The US Navy's Software Program Management Network has identified 16 tactics that project managers can apply locally to improve their team's chance of delivering required products, within budget, on time.

Practitioners observed that many organisations have difficulty in committing to a strategic process improvement programme. This is because many projects operate in a chaotic, crisis-management mode. In such a case, no-one has time to improve performance, because recurrent crises cause the work to expand to consume all the budgeted time and resources, plus 10% (or, more likely, plus 80-90%). Clearly each project needs some help to break out of this vicious cycle, to attain and sustain control. Strategic, organisation wide programmes are viable only after such controls have been established.

The 16 practices have been identified by observation of the elements essential in helping large scale projects complete successfully. Interestingly, a large scale project is defined as one that 'relies on the full-time efforts of 12 or more people annually'. Of course, projects of any size are likely to benefit significantly from implementing these practices. They have been gathered into three groups:

Project Integrity

1.  Adopt continuous risk management
2.  Estimate cost and schedule empirically
3.  Use metrics to manage
4.  Track earned value
5.  Track defects against quality targets
6.  Treat people as the most important resource

Construction Integrity

7.  Adopt life cycle configuration management
8.  Manage and trace requirements
9.  Use system-based software design
10. Ensure data and database inter-operability
11. Define and control interfaces
12. Design twice, code once
13. Assess re-use risks and costs

Product Stability and Integrity

14. Inspect requirements and design
15. Manage testing as a continuous process
16. Compile and smoke test frequently.
Related Information

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Articles

All Sails Set - Towards the Shoals?
...neither sailboats nor software projects ever travel directly along the route planned. Both are subject to many forces that divert the progress actually made.

Improve M&S Productivity
Helpful analysis and key action priorities for improving software Maintenance and Support(M&S) productivity

Maturity Brings a Different View
of the hierarchy in higher maturity organisations.

Services

Project Integrity

Managing Risk (Analysis and Amelioration)
Early preventative action could mean the difference between success and failure of every project. The job is not done until all identified threats have been managed in some way.

Risk Management Workshop
A group exercise to find and analyse probable project risks then develop strategies to ameliorate them.

Early Estimation
Estimating software size from the feasability stage through to early requirements gathering. Also approppriate for otuline designs.

Estimating Cost, Duration, Effort, etc
Developing estimates of cost etc from measurements or estimates of size in combination with other constraints.

Starting a Measurement Programme
A measurement programme is part of a means to an end (one or more business objectives). To deliver any benefit the objective(s) must be clearly understood first and then the measurement programme must be designed to support them.

Construction Integrity

Measuring Requirements and Changes
Measuring the functional size of change requests and estimating their impact in terms of cost, duration, effort etc.

Software Size Measures
Technology independent, systematic and objective methods for analysing, estimating and measuring the functionality of a software system.

Product Stability and Integrity

Process Consultancy
To develop, improve and support processes against industry standards and best practice.

Training

Project Integrity

Managing Project Risk  Formal Course Learning Break
Learn a systematic, repeatable approach that ensures teams identify, monitor and mitigate the threats to successful delivery of stakeholder requirements

Risk Analysis Workshop  Workshop
Use this team workshop at any time during a project to identify threats to your project and agree what to do to ensure success

Early Estimating of Software Size  Formal Course Learning Break
A systematic & repeatable way to estimate using the partial information available during the first days of a project

Practical Estimating for Software Projects  Formal Course Learning Break
Predict and control the effort, team size, schedule and cost of your software projects using proven methods

Manager’s Guide to Software Measurement  Overview
Understand how disciplined, quantitative practices can be used to control costs and maximise productivity.

Construction Integrity

Uses and Benefits of Function Point Analysis  Overview
Learn how FPA can help your projects manage the acquisition, development, integration and support of software systems

A functional requirement can only be considered well formed when it can be measured using a Functional Size Measure (FSM). SMS provides training in:

COSMIC FFP for Sizing & Estimating MIS and Real-Time Software Requirements  Formal Course Learning Break
Learn how to measure the software component of software-intensive systems using the latest ISO-standard method

Practical use of IFPUG Function Point Analysis  Formal Course Learning Break
Learn the most popular technique for measuring the functional size of software applications and projects

Practical use of MkII Function Point Analysis  Formal Course Learning Break
Learn the UK Government’s preferred technique for measuring the functional size of software applications and projects

Product Stability and Integrity

Inspections and Peer Reviews  Formal Course Learning Break
Learn and experience the various roles necessary for reviews that are effective and efficient at detecting and removing defects

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